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ARA has been a driving force in the Austrian recycling economy since 1993.
We hope that all stakeholderspolicymakers, industry, academia and civil society -will build on the great ideas put forward in this report, and jointly map a path to faster and scalable action.
The export footprint will also be larger than 183 Mt, since our study is attempting not only to account for the raw material equivalents of the goods, but also for the buildings and infrastructure that have been used to produce and transport these export goods.
To capture this essential dynamic, we therefore suggest that the circularity metric should represent the share of cycled materials as part of the total Austrian material consumption every year (Equation 1 ).
METRICS FOR CIRCULARITY 3 / Applying all previous steps (see Equation 3 ) results in a circularity metric of 9.7% for 2014: Resource extraction from the lithosphere is minimised and biomass production and extraction are regenerative.
In total, 97% of Austria’s fossil fuel footprint The circular economy assumes dynamic systems, meaning there is no specific end-point, but it is rather a process of transformation.
